Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Z‑Amino Acids Present Innovative Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties against Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c09099

Figure Lengend Snippet: Log 10 CFU of planktonic S. aureus following treatment with Z- and L-amino acids. (A) MSSA and (B) MRSA treated with Z-amino acids at various concentrations. (C) MSSA and MRSA treated with Z-Gln, Z-Gly, and Z-Ser at 0.5× MIC. (D) MSSA and (E) MRSA treated with Z-Gln, l -Gln, Z-Gly, and l -Gly at 0.5× MIC. Statistical significance: ** < 0.01 and **** < 0.0001 compared to the other Z-amino acids (A, B), MSSA vs MRSA (C), and their corresponding L-amino acids (D, E); c < 0.001 and d < 0.0001 compared to the control. Data are represented as the mean ± standard deviation with n = 3 replicates.

Article Snippet: MSSA (ATCC 25923) and MRSA (BAA 1717) were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA) and studied.

Techniques: Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Z‑Amino Acids Present Innovative Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties against Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c09099

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bacterial inhibition kinetics of S. aureus after treatment with Z-amino acids at 1× MIC. Percent inhibition of (A) MSSA and (B) MRSA. Data are represented as the mean ± standard deviation with n = 3 replicates.

Article Snippet: MSSA (ATCC 25923) and MRSA (BAA 1717) were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA) and studied.

Techniques: Inhibition, Standard Deviation

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Z‑Amino Acids Present Innovative Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties against Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c09099

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relative percent of biofilm biomass of (A) MSSA and (B) MRSA treated with Z-amino acids at various concentrations. Comparison in relative percent of biofilm biomass (C) between MSSA and MRSA treated with Z-amino acids at 0.5× MIC and (D) between the treatment of Z-amino acids and L-amino acids against MSSA at 1× MIC. Statistical significance: * < 0.05, ** < 0.01, *** < 0.001, **** < 0.0001 compared to the other Z-amino acids (A–C) or their corresponding L-amino acids (D); b < 0.01, c < 0.001, and d < 0.0001 compared to the control (A, B, D). Data are represented as the mean ± standard deviation with n = 6 replicates.

Article Snippet: MSSA (ATCC 25923) and MRSA (BAA 1717) were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA) and studied.

Techniques: Comparison, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Z‑Amino Acids Present Innovative Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties against Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c09099

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relative percent of biofilm biomass of (A) MSSA biofilm dispersal after treatment with Z-Gln, Z-Gly, and Z-Ser and (B) representative images of wells stained with crystal violet. (C) MRSA biofilm dispersal after treatment with Z-Gln, Z-Gly, and Z-Ser. (D) Representative images of wells stained with crystal violet. Statistical significance: *** < 0.001, **** < 0.0001; b < 0.01, c < 0.001, and d < 0.0001 compared to the control. Data are represented as the mean ± standard deviation with n = 6 replicates.

Article Snippet: MSSA (ATCC 25923) and MRSA (BAA 1717) were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA) and studied.

Techniques: Staining, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Hydroquinones Inhibit Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factor Production in Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/ijms231810683

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of S. aureus biofilm formation by hydroquinones. The antibiofilm activities of HQ and its derivatives on MSSA 6538 were investigated in 96-well polystyrene plates after culture for 24 h ( A ). The antibiofilm activities of TBHQ were investigated against MSSA 6538 ( B ) and MSSA 25923 ( C ), MRSA MW2 ( D ), and MRSA 33591 ( E ) after culture for 24 h. * p < 0.05 vs. non-treated controls (None).

Article Snippet: Two MSSA strains (ATCC 25923 and ATCC 6538) and two MRSA strains (MW2 and ATCC 33591) were used in the study.

Techniques: Inhibition

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Hydroquinones Inhibit Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factor Production in Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/ijms231810683

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antimicrobial activities of the 18 hydroquinones against S. aureus . Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and planktonic cell growth of MSSA 6538 were determined after incubation for 24 h in 96-well plates. Functional groups in HQ structures are indicated in red.

Article Snippet: Two MSSA strains (ATCC 25923 and ATCC 6538) and two MRSA strains (MW2 and ATCC 33591) were used in the study.

Techniques: Incubation, Functional Assay

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Hydroquinones Inhibit Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factor Production in Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/ijms231810683

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microscopic observations of S. aureus biofilm inhibition by TBHQ. Constructed color-coded 3D images of MSSA 6538 biofilms after culture with TBHQ or HQ ( A ), CLSM images ( B ) and COMSTAT analysis ( C ), SEM analysis ( D ). Error bars represent standard deviations. * p < 0.05 vs. non-treated controls (None). The black, blue, red, and yellow scale bars represent 50, 100, 5, and 2 μm, respectively.

Article Snippet: Two MSSA strains (ATCC 25923 and ATCC 6538) and two MRSA strains (MW2 and ATCC 33591) were used in the study.

Techniques: Inhibition, Construct

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Hydroquinones Inhibit Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factor Production in Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/ijms231810683

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effects of TBHQ on virulence factors in S. aureus . Anti-hemolytic activity ( A ) and extracellular lipase production ( B ). MSSA 6538 was used for these assays. Error bars indicate standard deviations. * p < 0.05 vs. non-treated controls (None).

Article Snippet: Two MSSA strains (ATCC 25923 and ATCC 6538) and two MRSA strains (MW2 and ATCC 33591) were used in the study.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Hydroquinones Inhibit Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factor Production in Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/ijms231810683

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transcriptional profiles of S. aureus cells treated with or without TBHQ. MSSA 6538 was cultivated for 3 h with shaking at 250 rpm and then incubated with or without TBHQ (1 μg/mL) for 4 h with shaking at 250 rpm. Transcriptional profiles were measured by qRT-PCR. Fold change represents transcriptional changes vs. non-treated S. aureus . The experiment was performed in duplicate. * p < 0.05 vs. non-treated controls (None).

Article Snippet: Two MSSA strains (ATCC 25923 and ATCC 6538) and two MRSA strains (MW2 and ATCC 33591) were used in the study.

Techniques: Incubation, Quantitative RT-PCR